吸塑技术的首要原理是将布衣的塑料硬片或别的原料加热使之变软后，选用真空吸附于模具外表，冷却后成型。吸塑技术在广告标识职业使用范围极广，最常见的使用比方说制造亚克力灯箱、吸塑字等。这篇文章将要点介绍济南标识制作流程中非常重要的吸塑原料、模具制造和成型出产等。
The first principle is the commoner plastic technology of plastic sheet or other material is heated to soften, using vacuum adsorption on mould surface, cooling after molding. Plastic technology in the use of advertising logo is extremely wide range of applications, the most common use such as the manufacture of acrylic light boxes, plastic, etc.. This article will introduce the Ji'nan logo production process is very important in plastic raw materials, mold manufacturing and molding production, etc..
一、吸塑资料介绍
First, the introduction of plastic materials
PVC片材是一种用处广泛而深受期待的资料。PVC胶片能够分为食品级及工业级两种，且能够制成通明、五颜六色、防静电、镀金、植绒等各式各样片材用于真空成型。其特色首要是通明度高、外表光泽好、晶点少、水纹小、用处广、耐冲击性强、而且易于成型。
PVC sheet is a widely used and highly anticipated material. PVC film can be divided into food grade and industrial grade two, and can be made into bright, colorful, anti-static, gold-plated, flocking, such as a variety of sheet for vacuum forming. The primary characteristic is transparency, good gloss, appearance, crystal points less water, wide use, strong impact resistance, and easy molding.
PVC易热合，可选用封口机和高频机封边，是出产通明吸塑制品的首要原料。PVC硬片耐性适中，不易焚烧；但焚烧时会产生氯气，对环境会构成必定影响。
PVC easy to heat, can choose sealing machine and high frequency machine edge, is the main raw material for the production of transparent plastic products. PVC yingpian tolerance is moderate, is not easy to burn; but incineration will produce chlorine, the environment will affect the pose.
PP片材是PP树脂经啤出、压光、切边等技术进程而制成，具有质轻、外表光亮安静、耐热性好、机械性强度高]化学稳定性优秀和电绝源性、无毒等特色。
PP sheet is PP resin by beer, calendering, cutting edge technology process and made the appearance of bright light, quiet, good heat resistance, mechanical strength and high chemical stability and excellent electrical], non-toxic and other characteristics of the vast source.
PP片材的首要特色：能够100℃下长期使用并能饱尝121℃的高温菌处理，防潮功能杰出，清洁功能牢靠；具有优秀的折合功能等。
The primary characteristics of PP sheet: capable of handling high temperature bacteria under 100 DEG C for long-term use and can have 121 DEG C, moistureproof function is good, clean and reliable function; excellent folding function etc..
PP片材是近年发展起来的新式环保资料。
PP sheet is a new type of environmental protection material developed in recent years.
PP片材的首要特色：
Primary characteristics of PP sheet:
1、产生静电低。2、易于真空怒放，且制品具有杰出的抗卫击功能。3、具有杰出的清洁功能，乃至可直接与食品触摸。4、易上色处理，可做成色彩各异的资料，出产成不一样色彩的真空罩。5、硬度杰出，此种片材与平等厚度的其它片材对比其硬度较佳。6、契合环境保护请求，可回收再使用；焚烧其废弃物时，不产生危害环境的有害物质。
1, low static electricity. 2, easy to vacuum in full bloom, and the product has a good anti strike function. 3, with good cleaning function, and even can be directly with the food touch. 4, easy to color processing, can be made of different colors of information, into a different color vacuum cover. 5, good hardness, this kind of sheet and the equal thickness of the other sheet compared to its hardness is better. 6, meet the requirements of environmental protection, recycling and reuse; incineration of waste, do not produce harmful substances harmful to the environment.
PET片材也是近年发展起来的新式资料。凭着其优秀的耐性、高强度、高通明性，以及可回收再使用性，焚烧不出产有害气体的优秀环保功能，逐渐遭到消费者和出产者的极大青睐。
PET sheet is a new material developed in recent years. By virtue of its excellent patience, high intensity, high pass, as well as recycling and reuse, incineration does not produce harmful gas excellent environmental protection function, gradually by consumers and producers of great favor.

PET片材的首要特色：
Primary characteristics of PET sheet:
1、具有优秀的通明性与光洁度，展示作用好。
1, with excellent lighting and finish, showing good effect.
2、外表装修功能优秀，可不经外表处理即可打印；易限制斑纹，易金属处理（真空镀金属层）。
2, exterior decoration function is good, can be printed without the appearance of processing; easy to limit the markings, easy metal processing (vacuum plating metal layer).
3、具有杰出的力学强度。
3, with excellent mechanical strength.
4、对氧气及水蒸汽的隔绝功能杰出。
4, oxygen and water vapor isolation function is outstanding.
5、耐化学功能好，可饱尝多种化学物质的侵蚀。
5, good resistance to chemical erosion function, suffered a variety of chemical substances.
6、无毒，清洁功能牢靠。
6, non-toxic, clean and reliable function.
7、对环境保护的适应性好，可经济而方便地回收使用。
7, good adaptability to environmental protection, economic and convenient recycling.
8、热成型功能好，与通常PVC片材适当，可选用真空成型制得功能优秀的PET热成型制品。
8, hot forming function is good, and usually PVC sheet is appropriate, can choose vacuum molding to make the function of the PET hot molding products.
二、吸塑模具制造
Two, plastic mold manufacturing
出产吸塑商品之前，依据客户请求或样品标准，首先要制造好吸塑模具。通常条件下，都是使用石膏制造吸塑模具，但也有用木雕及金属雕琢的商品作模具。模具的制造周期通常3-5天。
Before the production of plastic products, according to customer request or sample standards, first of all to make good plastic mold. Under normal conditions, the use of gypsum to create plastic mold, but also useful for wood carving and metal products for the mold. Mold manufacturing cycle is usually 3-5 days.
其操作进程是：
Its operation process is:
1、先将什物手艺用泥糊出成型概括；
1, the first real mud paste molding technology summary;
2、放在吸塑打版机上做成泡壳毛胚；
2, put on the blister plate making machine made bubble shell embryo;
3、用配好的吸塑专用石膏倒入泡壳毛胚中，风干后构成石膏毛胚；
3, with a good plastic special gypsum poured into the bubble shell Mao Peizhong, dried up after the formation of gypsum embryo;
4、选用电动铣床对石膏毛胚的规矩开关进行深加工；
4, the use of electric milling machine on the rules of the hair of the embryo deep processing;
5、手艺打磨和手艺添加部件；
5, technology and technology to add parts;
6、将各个抛光好的石膏部件粘组成完好的石膏模；
6, each of the polished plaster parts of the composition of a good plaster mold;
7、再放入吸塑打版机吸塑成型完好的样品；
7, and then into the Blister molding machine to form a good sample;
8、按制品尺度，手艺切边、封边，完结悉数打样进程。
8, according to the product scale, cutting edge, edge, complete the proofing process.
石膏模具制造好后，先让其天然枯燥或是烘干。然后依据商品外表凸凹具体情况，用1-2毫米钻花在不影响商品包装容貌的低凹处钻许多小孔，以便吸塑出产时，能将空气抽出。模具钻好孔后，还得将石膏模具进行加硬处理。加硬处理办法是用浓明矾饱满液浸泡后晒干。
After the plaster mold is made, let it dry or dry naturally. Then on the basis of product appearance punch and the specific circumstances, drilling drill many holes in the valley does not affect the packaging appearance with 1-2 mm, for plastic production, air can be drawn. After the mold has been drilled well, it is necessary to add the plaster mold. The hard treatment method is to use the full thickness of alum soaked in water after drying.

不一样原料模具之优缺陷对比：
Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different raw materials:
选用石膏模，长处在于出产周期短，本钱最低，制造一整版（60×110cm）模具只需一到两天时刻；不足之处在于吸塑制品外表粗糙，出产中模具简单碎裂，耐用性差，无法成型深度大、复杂度高、片材厚的商品。
The cast, strength is the lowest cost, short production cycle, manufacturing a full page (60 x 110cm) mold just a day or two times; inadequacy of plastic products production in the mold rough appearance, simple fragmentation, poor durability, depth of not forming a large, high complexity, thick sheet goods.
选用电镀铜模，其技术是将打好样的泡壳外表喷上一层导电剂，再放入电解槽内镀上厚厚的铜层；电镀进程需求72小时。接着要对铜模进行灌石膏（添加硬度）、抛光、打气眼处理。选用电镀铜模出产的长处是吸塑制品外表光滑，本钱适中，耐用性适中。缺陷是模具制造周期长，无法完结精细吸塑制品的出产。
Selection of electroplating copper, its technology is blister appearance spraying a layer of conductive agent will make good, and then into the electrolytic tank with thick layer of copper plating process needs 72 hours. Then to mold filling gypsum (add hardness), polishing, air treatment. The electroplating copper produced strengths is plastic products smooth surface, moderate cost, moderate durability. Defect is the mold manufacturing cycle is long, can not end the production of fine plastic products.
选用吸塑铝模，模具制造需求先用电脑规划图纸，再用CNC数控铣床加工。长处是制造周期适中，后期模具处理时刻短（钻气眼工作在CNC加工时完结），吸塑商品尺度精度高，模具耐用性强。缺陷是本钱高。
The use of plastic aluminum mold, mold manufacturing needs to use computer planning drawings, and then CNC CNC milling machine. Strength is the manufacturing cycle is moderate, post mold processing time is short (at the end of the CNC air drilling work processing), plastic commodity scale high precision mold durability. Defect is high cost.
因为全主动高速吸塑成型机的成型范围是66×110cm左右，所以不管是石膏模、铜模仍是铝模，都需求将单个的模具拼在一起，到达成型尺度，这个进程被称为拼版式。需求拼在打好气孔的铝板或木板上，拼好后的整版模具被称为底模。关于吸塑成型深度大的商品，还需求制造上模。在底模将片材真空吸成型的同时，从片材上方施加压力，将片材均匀地年产值到每一个部位，不然会引起部分厚度过薄。
Because the forming range automatic high-speed plastic molding machine is about 66 * 110cm, so whether it is plaster mold, copper mold is aluminum mold, all demand for single mold together, to forming scale, this process is called the fight format. Fight the fight good hole needs aluminum or wood, sheet die after called bottom die. On the large depth of plastic molding products, but also the need to manufacture the mold. At the same time, when the bottom die is vacuum formed, the pressure is applied from the top of the sheet, and the annual output value of the sheet is evenly distributed to each part.
三、吸塑成型出产
Three, plastic molding production
模具彻底枯燥后，将模具装入真空室上层铁板上。然后依据模具巨细，将片材裁成适用标准尺度。接着将片材放入电炉烘箱内，使其彻底固定好再进行软化处理。
Mold completely dry, the mold into the vacuum chamber on the upper plate. Then according to the size of the mold, the sheet is cut into the applicable standard scale. Then the sheet is placed in the electric oven to make it completely fixed and then softened.
将软化处理好的片材趁热再拉到吸塑模具上方；模具上移并抽真空，将软化的片材吸附到模具外表；同时将冷却水以雾状喷于成型片材外表，使其硬化；成型的片材再主动被拉至贮料箱；气动裁刀将成型与未成型片材别离，从而完结悉数进程。
The sheet softening good hot then pulled above the plastic mold; the mold move up and vacuum, the softened sheet adsorbed to the mold appearance; and the cooling water to spray the liquid on the sheet appearance, harden; molding of sheet material to be pulled to the active storage box; the gas will shape and not the sheet forming dynamic parting cutter, thus ending all process.
最终，将出产出来的商品进行修边收拾即为制品商品。
In the end, the product will be produced to repair the edge of goods that is the product.
吸塑商品呈现的首要质量疑问大多在此进程发作：
The main quality of plastic products presented in the process of most of the attacks:
1、吸塑不到位，是指形状变形，没有吸塑成与模具一样开关的商品；
1, plastic is not in place, refers to the shape of deformation, no plastic into the mold and the same as the switch goods;
2、吸塑过度，是指商品过薄；
2, excessive plastic, refers to the goods too thin;
3、拉线，是指成型商品上呈现不该有的线痕；
3, cable, refers to the goods appear in some of the molding;
4、厚薄不均。
4, uneven thickness.
这些疑问都需求在上好模具后，调试到位片材前进和时刻、加热的温度和时刻、抽真空的强度和时刻、上模下落的方位、时刻和深度、拼版中模具的摆放方位、模具间是不是加附件等等。
These questions are good demand in the mold after debugging in place sheet forward and time, heating temperature and time, vacuum time, strength and mold on the whereabouts of the range, time and depth, making up in mold orientation, mould is not accessory and so on.

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